Iphasi loke - I-Premier Isopropyl Alcohol: I-Multifaceted Organic Compound

Iimfanelo eziphathekako nezamakhemikhali

Ukubukeka nokunuka: Yinto engenambala ekhanyako enephunga elifana nele-ethanol.
Ukuncibilika: Ingahlanganiswa namanzi, i-ethanol, i-ether, i-acetone, nezinye iinsombululo eziphilako.
Ezinye Izakhiwo: I-molar mass yayo yi-60.10 g/mol, ukuminyana yi-0.786 g/mL (ku-25°C), izinga lokuncibilika lingu-89.5°C, begodu izinga lokubila lingu-82.3°C. Indawo yokukhanya yi-11.7°C.

Iindawo zokufaka isibawo

Isincibilikisi: Isebenza njenge-solvent ehle khulu ye-shellac, i-nitrocellulose, i-alkaloids, iraba, amafutha, njll. Isetjenziselwa nokwenza iinbulalanambuzane kanye nama-ejenti wokuhlanza ingilazi. Phezu kwalokho, ingasebenza njengesikhupha amafutha wembewu yekoteni kanye nezinongo.

Iinsetjenziswa ezisetjenziswako embonini yamakhemikhali we-organic: Ngokusabela okuhlukahlukeneko, ingakhiqiza imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ehlukahlukeneko efana ne-isopropylamine, i-methyl isobutyl ketone, i-methyl isobutyl carbinol, njll. Imikhiqizo le isetjenziswa khulu emabubulweni afana nemithi, iinbulalantwala, ukugcoba, kanye ne-inki.

Umkhakha wezamaphilo: Yisisetjenziswa sokwenza imithi efana ne-Propranolol, Rifampicin, Pindolol, Diisopropylamine Dichloroacetate, njll. Ingasetjenziselwa ukukhipha amavithamini nokuhlanza amakhemikhali wemithi. Ivamise ukusetjenziswa njengesibulala-magciwane esikhumbeni, ama-prosthesis, kanye namadivayisi wezokwelapha, begodu ingasetjenziselwa ukubulunga amasampula wezinto eziphilako.

Umkhakha webubulo le-elekthronikhi: I-isopropyl alcohol ehlanzekileko ephezulu isetjenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuhlanza ne-etchant ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweengcenye ze-semiconductor kanye nokuhlanganiswa nokusetjenziswa kwamasekethe ahlanganisiweko amakhulu khulu. Ingaphinde isetjenziswe njenge-ejenti yokuhlanza ensimbi.

Insimu yezeenkoloyi: Njengesithasiselo sephethiloli, singakhuphula inani le-octane yephethiloli, ithuthukise ikhwalithi yephethiloli. Ingaphinde isetjenziswe njengesihlwengisi sengilazi yeenkoloyi, i-deicer yeengilazi zemoto, kanye ne-ejenti yokulwisana nenkungu yeengilazi zemoto ezifana ne-aerosol.

Iindlela zokuzilungiselela

Ukuthambisa i-Propylene: Njenganje, ukuthambisa ngokunqophileko kwe-propylene yindlela ekulu. Ngaphasi kwesenzo se-catalyst, i-propylene isabela ngqo namanzi ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kokungezelela ukukhiqiza i-isopropyl alcohol. Ngokuya ngobujamo besigaba sama-reactants, kungahlukaniswa kube yindlela yesigaba segesi, indlela yesigaba segesi - amanzi ahlanganisiwe, kanye nendlela yesigaba samanzi.

I-hydrogenation ye-Acetone: Ngaphasi kwesenzo se-catalyst, i-acetone yehliswa ibe yi-isopropyl alcohol emoyeni we-hydrogen. Indlela le inezinga lokutjhisa eliphasi, umfutho ovamileko, ukusetjenziswa kwamandla okuncani, ukugeleza okulula, kanye nokugqwala okuncani kwemitjhini.

I-hydrogenation ye-Isopropyl Acetate: Ngaphasi kwesenzo se-catalyst, i-isopropyl acetate yenziwa nge-hydrogen ukukhiqiza i-isopropyl alcohol kanye ne-ethanol. Kodwana, kunemikhiqizo eminengi, begodu ukuhlukaniswa kwe-ethanol ne-isopropyl alcohol kubudisi, njeke akukasetjenziswa khulu.

Iinqabo

Umhwamuko we-isopropyl alcohol uyacasula emehlweni nesikhumba, begodu ukuhogela kungaba nobuthi. Ingokwe-Class 3 carcinogen. Lokha abantu nabaphefumula amazinga ahlukileko we-isopropyl alcohol, bazokuba nokusabela okuhlukileko. Ukwenza isibonelo, nge-400 ppm, kuzokubangela ukucasuka okuncani emehlweni, emakhaleni, nasemphinjeni, begodu nge-20000 ppm, izokubeka ipilo nofana ipilo engozini msinyana.

I-isopropyl alcohol iyavutha. Umhwamuko wayo ungakha ingxube eqhumayo nomoya. Kungabanga ukutjhisa nokuqhuma lokha nayivezwa emalangabini avulekileko kanye nomtjhiso omkhulu. Kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholileko nengenamoya, kude nemithombo yomlilo nemithombo yomtjhiso, ivikelwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga, begodu isitja kufanele sigcinwe sivaliwe. Kufanele igcinwe ngokwehlukana nama-oxidant.

Iinqophiso

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