Iinhlanganisela ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokunciphisa amanzi: Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi ekwakhiweni okuhlaza
Iindawo ezikulu zokusebenza
Iinhlanganisela ezisezingeni eliphezulu lokunciphisa amanzi (ezifana neenhlanganisela ezisekelwe ku-polycarboxylate) zijamele umhlobo othuthukileko khulu weenhlanganisela zokunciphisa amanzi ezitholakala emakethe. Zisebenza ngokwenza isendlalelo sokuhlakazeka phezu kweenhlayiya zesimende, ukukhandela ukuhlanganiswa kweenhlayiya zesimende begodu ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise ukugeleza nokusebenza kwekhonkrithi. Umphumela wokuhlakazeka lo awunciphisi ukusetjenziswa kwamanzi kwaphela kodwana ukhuphula ukuminyana nokuqina kwekhonkrithi. Nawuqathaniswa neenhlanganisela ezijayelekileko zokunciphisa amanzi, iinguqulo ezisebenzako zinikela ngamazinga aphezulu wokwehlisa amanzi (ngokuvamileko ama-25%-40%) kanye neemfuneko eziphasi zomthamo (ngokuvamileko ama-0.1%-0.3% wenani elipheleleko lezinto zesimende), ngomthelela omncani emvelweni.
Emaphrojekthini wokwakha, ukusetjenziswa kweenhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi kungakhuphula khulu amandla wokugandeleleka nokujamelana namanzi wekhonkrithi, lokho kwandisa ipilo yezakhiwo. Ukwenza isibonelo, ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo eziphakemeko namabhuloho amakhulu, iinhlanganisela zokunciphisa amanzi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ziqinisekisa ukugeleza okuhle kwekhonkrithi ngaphasi kweemfuneko eziphezulu, okwenza kube lula imisebenzi yokwakha. Phezu kwalokho, iinhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi zinganciphisa ukopha nokuhlukana kukhonkrithi, okwenza ngcono ukufana nokuvumelana kwayo.
Emkhakheni wokwakha okuluhlaza, ubujamo bebhoduluko beenhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi buqakatheke khulu. Ukusetjenziswa kwemihlanganisela yokunciphisa amanzi esebenza kuhle khulu kungehlisa ukusetjenziswa kwesamende, ngaleyindlela kwehlise ukukhutjhwa kwekhabhoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iinhlanganisela lezi zingakhuphula ukuqina kwekhonkrithi, ukwehlisa iindleko zokulondoloza nokusetjenziswa kwemithombo yezakhiwo. Iinhlanganisela ezinengi ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokunciphisa amanzi nazo zithole isitifiketi sezebhoduluko seentjhabatjhaba, ezikhambisana nemigomo yentuthuko esimemeko yokwakha okuhlaza.
Ngokuthuthukiswa okuragela phambili kwethekhnoloji yokwakha, ukusetjenziswa kweenhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi nakho kuyakhula. Ukwenza isibonelo, ekhonkrithini esebenza kuhle khulu (i-HPC) kanye nekhonkrithini eziqinisako (SCC), iinhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi ziinhlanganisela eziqakathekileko eziqinisekisa izakhiwo zokuzilinganisa zekhonkrithi ngaphasi kweemeko eziphezulu zokuminyana nokuqina. Ukungezelela, iinhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi zingasetjenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye iinhlanganisela (ezifana nama-retarder kanye nama-ejenti wokungenisa umoya) ukwenza ngcono izakhiwo zekhonkrithi.
Emaphrojekthini wokwakha, ukusetjenziswa kweenhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi kungakhuphula khulu amandla wokugandeleleka nokujamelana namanzi wekhonkrithi, lokho kwandisa ipilo yezakhiwo. Ukwenza isibonelo, ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo eziphakemeko namabhuloho amakhulu, iinhlanganisela zokunciphisa amanzi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ziqinisekisa ukugeleza okuhle kwekhonkrithi ngaphasi kweemfuneko eziphezulu, okwenza kube lula imisebenzi yokwakha. Phezu kwalokho, iinhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi zinganciphisa ukopha nokuhlukana kukhonkrithi, okwenza ngcono ukufana nokuvumelana kwayo.
Emkhakheni wokwakha okuluhlaza, ubujamo bebhoduluko beenhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi buqakatheke khulu. Ukusetjenziswa kwemihlanganisela yokunciphisa amanzi esebenza kuhle khulu kungehlisa ukusetjenziswa kwesamende, ngaleyindlela kwehlise ukukhutjhwa kwekhabhoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iinhlanganisela lezi zingakhuphula ukuqina kwekhonkrithi, ukwehlisa iindleko zokulondoloza nokusetjenziswa kwemithombo yezakhiwo. Iinhlanganisela ezinengi ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokunciphisa amanzi nazo zithole isitifiketi sezebhoduluko seentjhabatjhaba, ezikhambisana nemigomo yentuthuko esimemeko yokwakha okuhlaza.
Ngokuthuthukiswa okuragela phambili kwethekhnoloji yokwakha, ukusetjenziswa kweenhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi nakho kuyakhula. Ukwenza isibonelo, ekhonkrithini esebenza kuhle khulu (i-HPC) kanye nekhonkrithini eziqinisako (SCC), iinhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi ziinhlanganisela eziqakathekileko eziqinisekisa izakhiwo zokuzilinganisa zekhonkrithi ngaphasi kweemeko eziphezulu zokuminyana nokuqina. Ukungezelela, iinhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi zingasetjenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye iinhlanganisela (ezifana nama-retarder kanye nama-ejenti wokungenisa umoya) ukwenza ngcono izakhiwo zekhonkrithi.
Iinqophiso
| Ibizo lomkhiqizo | I-Sodium Naphthalene Sulphonate Formaldehyde (SNF/PNS/FDN/NSF) | |||||||||
| Amanye amabizo | I-Poly Naphthalene Sulfonate | |||||||||
| I-Sulphonated Naphthalene Formaldehyde | ||||||||||
| I-Superplasticizer esekelwe ku-Naphthalene | ||||||||||
| Okuqukethwe yi-Sodium Sulphate | 5% 10% 18% | |||||||||
| Ukuvela | Ipuyere ensundu | |||||||||
| Ukupakisha | Isikhwama se-25KG | |||||||||
| CAS NO | 36290-04-7 | |||||||||
| Ikhodi ye-HS | 38244010 | |||||||||
| Inani | 14-15MTS ye-20'FCL | |||||||||
| Isibawo | Ukuhlanganiswa kwekhonkrithi, kwenza ngcono ukugeleza | |||||||||
Iphepha lokulawula ikhwalithi
| AMA-AYITHEMU | SNF-A | SNF-B | SNF-C | ||||
| Okuqukethwe okuqinileko ≥ | 92% | 92% | 92% | ||||
| Inani le-PH | 7-9 | 7-9 | 7-9 | ||||
| Okuqukethwe kwama-chloride ≤ | 0.30% | 0.40% | 0.50% | ||||
| Okuqukethwe yi-Sodium Sulfate ≤ | 5% | 10% | 18% | ||||
| I-Net Starch Fluidity(mm)≥ | 250 | 240 | 230 | ||||
| Izinga eliphezulu lokunciphisa amanzi (%) | 26 | 25 | 23 |
Ngokufingqa
Iinhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi ziinhlanganisela eziqakathekileko kuthekhnoloji yesimanjemanje yekhonkrithi. Azithuthukisi ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi kwaphela kodwana zisekela ukwakhiwa okuhlaza kanye nentuthuko esimemeko. Ngokuragela phambili kwethekhnoloji, amathuba wokusebenzisa iinhlanganisela ezinciphisa amanzi azokubanzi khulu.