1,2-Dichloroethane: Ikhemikhali yamabubulo ehlukileko
Iindawo ezikulu zokusebenza
Embonini yamakhemikhali, ukusetjenziswa okukhulu kwe-1,2-dichloroethane njengesisetjenziswa sokwenza i-vinyl chloride. I-vinyl chloride yi-monomer eqakathekileko esetjenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), iplastiki esetjenziswa khulu ekwakhiweni, emapayipini, ekuvikeleni amakheyibuli, kanye nezinto zokupakisha. Phezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane ingatjhugululwa ibe yi-acetylene ngokusebenzisa i-dehydrochlorination. I-acetylene yinto eqakathekileko yokwenza izinto eziphilako, esetjenziselwa ukwenza imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ehlukileko efana ne-acetaldehyde, i-acetic acid, kanye ne-chloroprene rubber.
Emkhakheni we-solvent, i-1,2-dichloroethane yi-organic solvent esebenzako ekghona ukuncibilikisa iinhlobo ezinengi zama-organic compounds nama-polymer. Isetjenziselwa ukuhlanza nokususa amafutha eendaweni zensimbi, khulukhulu emabubulweni we-elekthronikhi nemitjhini. Ukungezelela, i-1,2-dichloroethane isetjenziselwa ukususa ipende nokugcotshwa, kanye nokuhlanza imitjhini yokugadangisa embonini yokugadangisa.
Ebubulweni lemithi yokubulala iinlwanyana namakha, i-1,2-dichloroethane isetjenziswa njengesiphakathi. Ingasetjenziselwa ukwenza iinbulalantwala ezihlukahlukeneko, ezifana nama-herbicides kanye nama-insecticides, asetjenziswa khulu kwezokulima. Phezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane ingasetjenziselwa ukwenza amakha namafleyiva, asetjenziswa khulu emabubulweni wokudla newezimonyo.
Ekuhlanzeni amanzi, izinto ezivela ku-1,2-dichloroethane, ezifana ne-chlorinated polyethylene, zisetjenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezingangeni amanzi nezingagqwala. Iinsetjenziswa lezi zisetjenziswa khulu ekuvikeleni amanzi ezakhiweni nemitjhini yamabubulo, ukukhandela ukungena kwamanzi nokugqwala.
Nanyana isetjenziswa khulu emabubulweni, i-1,2-dichloroethane inobuthi, begodu ukusetjenziswa kwayo kutlhoga ukulandela ngokuqinileko imithetho yokuphepha. Ukukhiqiza kwamabubulo kuvamise ukusebenzisa amahlelo avaliweko ukunciphisa ukutjhuguluka kwawo begodu kufakwe amahlelo wokungenisa umoya nokuhlanza ukukhipha ummoya ukuvikela ipilo yabasebenzi nokuphepha kwebhoduluko. Ngokwanda kokuqaphela ibhoduluko, ikambiso yokukhiqiza i-1,2-dichloroethane nayo iyalungiswa ukwehlisa umthelela wayo ebhodulukweni.
Emkhakheni we-solvent, i-1,2-dichloroethane yi-organic solvent esebenzako ekghona ukuncibilikisa iinhlobo ezinengi zama-organic compounds nama-polymer. Isetjenziselwa ukuhlanza nokususa amafutha eendaweni zensimbi, khulukhulu emabubulweni we-elekthronikhi nemitjhini. Ukungezelela, i-1,2-dichloroethane isetjenziselwa ukususa ipende nokugcotshwa, kanye nokuhlanza imitjhini yokugadangisa embonini yokugadangisa.
Ebubulweni lemithi yokubulala iinlwanyana namakha, i-1,2-dichloroethane isetjenziswa njengesiphakathi. Ingasetjenziselwa ukwenza iinbulalantwala ezihlukahlukeneko, ezifana nama-herbicides kanye nama-insecticides, asetjenziswa khulu kwezokulima. Phezu kwalokho, i-1,2-dichloroethane ingasetjenziselwa ukwenza amakha namafleyiva, asetjenziswa khulu emabubulweni wokudla newezimonyo.
Ekuhlanzeni amanzi, izinto ezivela ku-1,2-dichloroethane, ezifana ne-chlorinated polyethylene, zisetjenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezingangeni amanzi nezingagqwala. Iinsetjenziswa lezi zisetjenziswa khulu ekuvikeleni amanzi ezakhiweni nemitjhini yamabubulo, ukukhandela ukungena kwamanzi nokugqwala.
Nanyana isetjenziswa khulu emabubulweni, i-1,2-dichloroethane inobuthi, begodu ukusetjenziswa kwayo kutlhoga ukulandela ngokuqinileko imithetho yokuphepha. Ukukhiqiza kwamabubulo kuvamise ukusebenzisa amahlelo avaliweko ukunciphisa ukutjhuguluka kwawo begodu kufakwe amahlelo wokungenisa umoya nokuhlanza ukukhipha ummoya ukuvikela ipilo yabasebenzi nokuphepha kwebhoduluko. Ngokwanda kokuqaphela ibhoduluko, ikambiso yokukhiqiza i-1,2-dichloroethane nayo iyalungiswa ukwehlisa umthelela wayo ebhodulukweni.
Iinqophiso
| Ibizo lomkhiqizo | I-dichloroethane | |||||||||
| MF | C₂H₄Cl₂ | |||||||||
| Ukuvela | Uketshezi olungenambala olukhanyayo | |||||||||
| Ubumsulwa | 99.00% | |||||||||
| Isigaba sengozini | 6+3 | |||||||||
| AWA. | 1184 | |||||||||
| CAS NO | 107-06-2 | |||||||||
| Ikhodi ye-HS | 29031500 | |||||||||
| I-EINECS NO | 203-458-1 | |||||||||
| Isibawo | Isetjenziswa khulu ekukhiqizeni i-vinyl chloride, i-ethylene glycol neminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali | |||||||||
Iphepha lokulawula ikhwalithi
| Ibizo lomkhiqizo | |||||||
| I-AYITHEMU | IBANGA | UMPHUMELA WOKUHLOLA | |||||
| Ubumsulwa (Okuqukethwe) | ≥99.0% (izinga lebubulo) | 99.20% | |||||
| Umswakamo | ≤0.05% (ingcenye yesisindo) | 0.03% | |||||
| I-esidi (njenge-HCl) | ≤0.005% (ingcenye yesisindo) | 0.00% | |||||
| Insalela ehwamukileko | ≤0.005% (ingcenye yesisindo) | 0.00% | |||||
| Ukuminyana (20°C) | 1.250~1.256 g/cm3 | 1.253 g/cm3 | |||||
| Ibanga lokubilisa | 83.0~84.5°C | 83.5~84.2°C | |||||
| Umbala (Inombolo yePlatinum-Cobalt) | ≤10 (ibanga le-reagent) | 5 | |||||
| Indaba engatjhugulukiko | ≤0.001% (izinga eliphezulu lokuhlanzeka) | 0.00% | |||||
| I-Cloride (Cl⁻) | ≤0.001% (izinga le-reagent) | 0.00% | |||||
| Ukugxila komoya | ≤7 mg/m3 | 2.5 mg/m3 | |||||
| Ukugcwala kwamanzi angcolileko | ≤0.05 mg/L | 0.02 mg/L | |||||
Ngokufingqa
Ngokufingqa, i-1,2-dichloroethane, njengesisetjenziswa samakhemikhali esiphilako, inendawo eqakathekileko embonini. Akugcini ngokukghonakalisa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukeneko aqakathekileko kodwana isekela nokuthuthukiswa kwebubulo lesimanjemanje. Ngokuragela phambili kwethekhnoloji, amathuba wokusetjenziswa kwe-1,2-dichloroethane azokubanzi khulu.